cvv test cases for qa
A practical guide to CVV test cases for QA: format rules, brand-specific lengths, paste and error handling, and sandbox-safe fixtures.
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Test Cases for CVV Field: 30 QA Checks
Answer
CVV field test cases check five items: digit count, character set, keyboard input, masking, and storage rules. Visa, Mastercard, and Discover use 3 digits. American Express uses 4 digits. The field takes digits 0 through 9 and nothing else. PCI DSS forbids storing the value after authorization.
Format rules to test
- 3 digits: Visa CVV2, Mastercard CVC2, Discover CID.
- 4 digits: American Express CID, printed on the front of the card.
- Numeric keys 0 through 9.
- No Luhn check. The CVV is not part of the primary account number, so checksum validation does not apply.
Valid input cases
- Enter 000 on a 3-digit brand. Payment succeeds on a sandbox gateway.
- Enter 999 on a 3-digit brand. Payment succeeds.
- Enter 0000 on American Express. Payment succeeds.
- Paste a 3-digit value from the clipboard. The field keeps all 3 digits.
- Submit a value with leading zeros, for example 007. The field holds 3 characters, not 2.
Invalid input cases
- Empty field on submit. Expect a required-field message and a blocked submit.
- Two digits. Expect a length error.
- Four digits on a 3-digit brand. Expect a length error.
- Letters, for example abc. Expect rejection.
- Mixed input 12a. Expect rejection.
- Symbols: space, hyphen, slash, comma. Expect rejection or a silent strip, per spec.
- Unicode digits and full-width characters. Expect rejection.
- Negative sign -123. Expect rejection.
- Decimal 12.3. Expect rejection.
- Padded value with spaces. Define the behavior: strip or reject. Test both paths.
Boundary and edge cases
- Paste 20 digits. The field caps input at 3 or 4 characters.
- Markup payload <script>alert(1)</script>. Expect the value to be stored as text.
- SQL payload 1' OR '1'='1. Expect rejection.
- Resubmit the same form in one second. Expect one charge.
- Browser autofill and card-scan widgets. Check the value lands in the CVV field and not the expiry field.
Security and PCI DSS cases
- CVV does not appear in application logs or server logs.
- CVV does not persist in the database, cache, or session store after authorization.
- CVV is absent from API responses and webhook payloads.
- CVV is masked after entry, or the field clears on submit.
- Transport uses TLS. Confirm the value is not sent over plain HTTP.
Record each case with an ID, a precondition, steps, and one expected result. Store the CVV only in memory for the life of the authorization request.
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